STANDARDS AS/NZS ISO 7098:2025 STANDARDS NEW ZEALAND TE MANA TAUTIKANGA O AOTEAROA Australia ISO 7098:2015 Australian/New Zealand Standard TM Information and documentation - Romanization of Chinese AS/NZS ISO 7098:2025 This Joint Australian/New Zealand StandardTM was prepared by Joint Technical Committee IT-019, Information and Documentation, Information Technology - Learning, Education, Training and Research. It was approved on behalf of Standards Australia's Standards Development and Accreditation Committee on 24 January 2025 and by the New Zealand Standards Approval Board on 05 February 2025. This Standard was published on 14 March 2025. The following are represented on Committee IT-019: Australasian Society for Computers in Learning in Tertiary Education Australian Computer Society Australian Library and Information Association Australian Research Data Commons Caval Council of Australian University Librarians Education Services Australia Flinders University Library & Archives NT Lincoln University Macquarie University NSW Department of Education Professional Scientists Australia University of Canberra University of Otago New Zealand Victoria University of Wellington NZ This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR AS/NZS ISO 7098:2024. Keeping Standards up-to-date Ensure you have the latest versions of our publications and keep up-to-date about Amendments, Rulings, Withdrawals, and new projects by visiting: www.standards.org.au www.standards.govt.nz ISBN 978 1 76175 082 3 AS/NZS ISO 7098:2025 ISO 7098:2015 Australian/New Zealand StandardTM Information and documentation Romanization of Chinese First published as AS/NZS ISO 7098:2025. COPYRIGHT @ IS0 2025 All rights reserved Standards Australia Limited/the Crown in right of New Zealand, administered by the New Zealand Standards Executive 2025 All rights are reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without the written permission of the publisher, unless otherwise permitted under the Copyright Act 1968 (Cth) or the Copyright Act 1994 (New Zealand). ii AS/NZS IS0 7098:2025 Preface This Standard was prepared by the Joint Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand Committee IT-019, Information and Documentation, Information Technology - Learning, Education, Training and Research. The objective of this document is to explain the principles of the Romanization of Modern Chinese Putonghua (Mandarin Chinese), the official language of the People's Republic of China as defined in the Directives for the Promotion of Putonghua, promulgated on 1956-02-06 by the State Council of China. This document can be applied in documentation of bibliographies, catalogues, indices, toponymic lists, etc. This document is identical with, and has been reproduced from Is0 7098:2015, Information and documentation Romanization of Chinese. As this document has been reproduced from an international document, a full point substitutes for a comma when referring to a decimal marker Australian or Australian/New Zealand Standards that are identical adoptions of international normative references may be used interchangeably. Refer to the online catalogue for information on specific Standards. The terms “normative" and “informative" are used in Standards to define the application of the appendices or annexes to which they apply. A "normative" appendix or annex is an integral part of a Standard, whereas an “informative" appendix or annex is only for information and guidance. @ Standards Australia Limited/Standards New Zealand 2025 ili AS/NZS IS0 7098:2025 Contents Preface ii Foreword ..iv Introduction. ...V Scope ..1 1 Terms and definitions 2 3 General principles of conversion of writing systems ..2 Principles for converting ideophonographic characters ..3 4 Pinyin ..4 Syllabic forms ..4 6 7 Tones. ..5 8 Punctuation ..7 Numerals. ..7 9 10 Chinese Pinyin Orthography .7 11 Transcription rules for named ent